I. Key Words:
1. Plateau:
2. Tank:
3. Groundwater: The water that obsorbed in the earth.
4. Soil types:
5. Sheep rearing: Upkeep of animals for their produce like milk, meat, skin, etc,
II. Improve Your Learning:
1. Compare water availability in the borewells of the Krishna delta and the plateaus.
A.
1. Water is available in Krishna delta in the borewells at the depth of 15 to 25 fee whereas in the plateau region. It is 200 to 500 feet.
2. In the Krishna delta region abundant ground water is available i.e. water table high whereas the water table in the plateau is very low.
3. Expenditure on digging borewells is low in the Krishna delta whereas it is expensive and risky in the plateau region.
2. Compare the changes in cropping pattern of Dokur and Penamakuru.
A.
Similarities
Penamakuru:-
1. Paddy is cultivated extensively .
2. Fruit orchards are grown like guava, sapota and papaya.
3. There is increased use of ground water through borewells .
Dokur:-
1. Paddy is cultivated surrounding chain of tanks.
2. Fruit orchards are grown like mango, orange.
3. There is increased use of ground water through borewells.
Differences
Penamakuru:-
1. Expenditure on digging borewells is very low.
2. As water is abundant no drip irrigation is practised.
3. Uplands of the village are suitable for vegetables.
Dokur:-
1. Borewells are expensive and risky and all farmers shifted to this system.
2. Fruit orchards use drip irrigation with sprinklers.
3. Caster, Bajra, Red grams and pigeon pea are grown here.
3. Do you think agriculture can be a profitable profession in places like Dokur?
A.
1. I think agriculture can be a profitable profession in places like Dokur.
2. Low water consuming crops like groundnut and castor can be practiced.
3. Orchards like mango and orange can be grown.
4. Intermittent crops like redgrams and pigeon pea also can be grown.
5. Paddy is grown where there is availability of water.
4. What difference would it make to the village, if the rainfall in the region increased?
A.
1. It would make great difference if the rainfall in the region increased.
2. The water in the tanks and ponds will increase and groundwater table will also increase.
3. People may not face drinking water problems even the cattle.
4. Even in the absence of irrigation facilities agriculture can be carried out.
5. The village may not face the drought situation.
5. What non-agriculutural occupations are there in your village? Get details about one such
occupation.
A.
1. Carpentry is non-agricultural activity in the village.
2. 10 families in the village doing this work.
3. They are prepare the doors, windows and roof tops for the construction of house.
4. They are also prepare tools for households and agricultural works.
6. Write a description in one line for the words given bellow:
1.Soil, 2.Water, 3.Crops, 4.Markets, 5.Occupations.
A.
1.Soil: Half agricultural land is red soil and remaining are black, choudu and garusu soils.
2.Water: A chain of tanks captures as much water as they could and borewells are important.
3.Crops: Farmers grow cotton , castor . bajra and intermittent crops of redgrams and pigeon pea
4.Markets: Separate markets for paddy and cotton but arbitrary prices are resented .
5.Occupations: Apart from agriculture other occupations include carpentry, metal work and rice milling.
7. Read the paragraph “Environmentalists ........ recognised” and write your opinion.
Project :
There are two types of land called Metta and Tari. Traditionally, pulses are grown on metta land without irrigation and paddy is grown on tari land with irrigation. If you live in a village, find out about the type of soil in your area. What words are used to describe the land in your village? How is the soil? Make a table showing the following feature of soil – water absorption (high/low), water retention (quick/slow), sand content (high/low), colour of the soil from the above village. compare them with the type of soil in your village.
A.
1. We need to practice sustainable land use to increase soil fertlity.
2. So we maintained soil fertlity and the ground water remains recharged.
3. We should maintain the proper balance between forests, pastures and agricultura land.
4. Thus we share the produce from pasture land and forests.
III. Additional and short Answers:
1. What do you mean the groundwater?
A.
The water that obsorbed in the earth .
2. What do you mean drought?
A.
A long period of time where there is little or no rain.
3. What is called Drip irrigation?
A.
Using of sprinklers for irrigating fields
4. What difference would it make to the village, if the rainfall in the region increases?
A.
1. It would make great difference if the rainfall in the region increased.
2. The water in the tanks and ponds will increase and groundwater table will also increase.
3. People may not face drinking water problems even the cattle.
4. Even in the absence of irrigation facilities agriculture can be carried out.
5. The village may not face the drought situation.
